[3D] Hindmarsh Rose Model
[1]:
import brainpy as bp
# bp.math.set_platform('cpu')
bp.math.enable_x64()
[2]:
bp.__version__
[2]:
'2.4.3'
[3]:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
[4]:
class HindmarshRose(bp.DynamicalSystem):
def __init__(self, method='exp_auto'):
super(HindmarshRose, self).__init__()
# parameters
self.a = 1.
self.b = 2.5
self.c = 1.
self.d = 5.
self.s = 4.
self.x_r = -1.6
self.r = 0.001
# variables
self.x = bp.math.Variable(bp.math.ones(1))
self.y = bp.math.Variable(bp.math.ones(1))
self.z = bp.math.Variable(bp.math.ones(1))
self.I = bp.math.Variable(bp.math.zeros(1))
# integral functions
def dx(x, t, y, z, Isyn):
return y - self.a * x ** 3 + self.b * x * x - z + Isyn
def dy(y, t, x):
return self.c - self.d * x * x - y
def dz(z, t, x):
return self.r * (self.s * (x - self.x_r) - z)
self.int_x = bp.odeint(f=dx, method=method)
self.int_y = bp.odeint(f=dy, method=method)
self.int_z = bp.odeint(f=dz, method=method)
def update(self):
tdi = bp.share.get_shargs()
self.x.value = self.int_x(self.x, tdi.t, self.y, self.z, self.I, tdi.dt)
self.y.value = self.int_y(self.y, tdi.t, self.x, tdi.dt)
self.z.value = self.int_z(self.z, tdi.t, self.x, tdi.dt)
self.I[:] = 0.
Simulation
[5]:
model = HindmarshRose()
runner = bp.DSRunner(model, monitors=['x', 'y', 'z'], inputs=['I', 1.5])
runner.run(2000.)
bp.visualize.line_plot(runner.mon.ts, runner.mon.x, legend='x', show=True)
No GPU/TPU found, falling back to CPU. (Set TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL=0 and rerun for more info.)

Bifurcation analysis
[6]:
analyzer = bp.analysis.FastSlow2D(
[model.int_x, model.int_y, model.int_z],
fast_vars={'x': [-3, 2], 'y': [-20., 3.]},
slow_vars={'z': [-0.5, 3.]},
pars_update={'Isyn': 1.5},
resolutions={'z': 0.01},
# options={bp.analysis.C.y_by_x_in_fy: lambda x: model.c - model.d * x * x}
)
analyzer.plot_bifurcation(num_rank=20)
analyzer.plot_trajectory({'x': [1.], 'y': [1.], 'z': [1.]},
duration=1700,
plot_durations=[360, 1680])
analyzer.show_figure()
I am making bifurcation analysis ...
I am filtering out fixed point candidates with auxiliary function ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 7000 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
C:\Users\adadu\miniconda3\envs\brainpy\lib\site-packages\jax\_src\numpy\array_methods.py:329: FutureWarning: The arr.split() method is deprecated. Use jax.numpy.split instead.
warnings.warn(
Found 789 fixed points.
I am plotting the trajectory ...


Phase plane analysis
[7]:
for z in np.arange(0., 2.5, 0.3):
analyzer = bp.analysis.PhasePlane2D(
[model.int_x, model.int_y],
target_vars={'x': [-3, 2], 'y': [-20., 3.]},
pars_update={'Isyn': 1.5, 'z': z},
resolutions={'x': 0.01, 'y': 0.01},
)
analyzer.plot_nullcline()
analyzer.plot_vector_field()
fps = analyzer.plot_fixed_point(with_return=True)
analyzer.plot_trajectory({'x': [fps[-1, 0] + 0.1], 'y': [fps[-1, 0] + 0.1]},
duration=500, plot_durations=[400, 500])
plt.title(f'z={z:.2f}')
plt.show()
I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2111 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 1 fixed points.
#1 x=0.862288349294799, y=-2.7177058646654935 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2141 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-1.872654283356628, y=-16.5341715842593 is a stable node.
#2 x=-1.442039194659742, y=-9.397382585390615 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.8146858103927409, y=-2.318565022506274 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2171 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.0462132406600912, y=-19.934943131130087 is a stable node.
#2 x=-1.2168555131297534, y=-6.40368673337723 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.7630687306850773, y=-1.911369548008847 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2201 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.1556926349477843, y=-22.235053679257277 is a stable node.
#2 x=-1.05070800710585, y=-4.519936589150076 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.7064006730222961, y=-1.4950094398974472 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2231 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.2411861683124883, y=-24.1145772063309 is a stable node.
#2 x=-0.901932179236277, y=-3.067408474244581 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.6431188901157783, y=-1.0680095250383574 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2261 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.3130990884027134, y=-25.75213708580098 is a stable node.
#2 x=-0.7575691876779489, y=-1.8695551041910228 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.5706681801629564, y=-0.6283107114652488 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2291 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.3760052650455847, y=-27.227005096799942 is a stable node.
#2 x=-0.608308453822487, y=-0.8501958918559595 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.48431473687387644, y=-0.17280300724589612 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2321 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.4323928622096647, y=-28.582675180900974 is a stable node.
#2 x=-0.4407309093835196, y=0.028781414591295275 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.37312367222430437, y=0.30389369711344255 is a unstable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...

I am computing fx-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fx-nullcline by optimization ...
I am computing fy-nullcline ...
I am evaluating fy-nullcline by optimization ...
I am creating the vector field ...
I am searching fixed points ...
I am trying to find fixed points by optimization ...
There are 2351 candidates
I am trying to filter out duplicate fixed points ...
Found 3 fixed points.
#1 x=-2.4837904744530963, y=-29.84607557713767 is a stable node.
#2 x=-0.20892015454795904, y=0.7817619225978242 is a saddle node.
#3 x=0.19271039914787816, y=0.8143135053948518 is a stable focus.
I am plotting the trajectory ...
